Heater.



No. 855,904. PATENTED JUNE 4, 1907. T. G. PALMER. HEATER.

APPLICATION FILED APR. '7, 1906.

2 SHEETS-SHEEP 1.

e v Z Z/ 1 e Z 1/ f E w W? No. 855,904. PATENTED JUNE 4, 1907 T. G. PALMER.

HEATER. APPLICATION FILED APE.7,1905.

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PATENT or rron.

TRUMAN GARRETT PALMER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

HEATER.

Application filed April '7,

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, TRUMAN GARRETT PALMER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, county of Cook, Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Heaters and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and eX- act description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

7 The invention relates to heaters, and more especially to that class of heaters employing gas or other hydrocarbon vapors, which burn with a smokeless flame in a Bunsen or similar burner.

The object of the invention is to provide a simple, inexpensive and eflicient device for general application in heating, capable of producing a maximum calorific effect, in a desired locality, with a minimum consumption of gas.

It is the purpose of the invention to convert practically all of the heat generated by the complete combustion of the gas, in a Bunsen or similar burner, into radiant heat that is more or less localized and disseminated laterally of the heater, by means of a novel form of shell or casing surrounding the flame from the burner.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which;

Figure 1 is an elevation of a preferred form of the heater, adapted to be connected to the ordinary gas service pipe or fixture Fig. 2 is a fragmentary longitudinal section of Fig. 1, showing a preferred form of baffle or deflector; Fig. 3 is a view corresponding to that shown in Fig. 2, illustrating a plain cylindrical baffle or deflector; Fig. 4 is a horizontal section on line 44 of Fig. 1; Fig. 5 is a fragmentary view of the blank from which the shell is constructed, illustrating the mode of forming the perforations and inwardly projecting fins or flanges; Fig. 6 is an elevation of a modified form of heater, embodying specific changes in the perforations and fins on the shell, and a modified form of baffle or deflector; Fig. 7 is a fragmentary view of the blank from which the shell illustrated in Fig. 6 is formed; Fig. 8 is a horizontal section on line 88 of Fig. 7; Fig. 9 is a view corresponding to Fig. 7, showing a still further modified form of blank; Fig. 10 is a section on line 10-1O of Fig. 9.

Referring to the drawings, a indicates a burner, preferably of the Bunsen type, such Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 4, 1907.

1905. $erial No. 264,367-

as is generally employed in incandescent gas lighting, and which is adapted to be applied to any of the well known forms of gas fixtures, such, for example, as a stationary chandelier, wall brackets, movable lamp stands and the like, and the upper end of the burner is provided with the usual chimney retaining flange b, which, in this case, is adapted to receive a cylindrical shell or casing a, the lower portion of which fits snugly within said flange b, so that said shell is supported by and above the burner in substantially the same manner that the ordinary glass chimney is supported.

The shell 0, which constitutes one of the essential features of my invention, is pref.- erably formed from a rectangular sheet of metal, provided with longitudinal perforations f and fins or flanges g projecting normally of the surface of the metal sheet. The perforations and flanges are formed in the blank sheet by cutting or stamping slits in the sheet, corresponding to three sides of the longitudinal perforations f, and bending the metal included within the boundaries of the perforations, .until said metal projects at substantially right angles to the plane of the plate, and thereby constituting a series of fins or flanges, so that the completed blank, as illustrated in Fig. 5, is in the form of a grid having a series of longitudinal bars, with flanges normal to one edge thereof, connected by imperforate base and top rings 01 and e. The blank, in this form, is rolled into a cylinder of a size to fit within the flange b of the burner, and the adjacent edges are secured together by bands of wire, rivets, or any other appropriate means, so that the finished structure constitutes a hollow shell having a series of longitudinal perforations, with inwardly and radially projecting ends or flanges. It is to be noted, however, that the shell may be formed in any other suitable manner, provided that it preserves the essential characteristics of the invention, to wit, that it have a series of perforations distrib uted over its surface, and a series of inwardly projecting fins or flanges.

The purpose of the shell, constructed as thus described, is to provide a relatively large number of conductive surfaces, in the form of fins or flanges, which shall project well within the zone of combustion of the gas, and absorb practically all of the heat generated thereby, conduct the same to the outer surface of the shell, and radiate the ITO heat from said surface laterally, so that the heat, instead of passing upward and being lost, as far as any practical heating effect is concerned, is given off from all sides of the shell, whereby the entire region in the neigh borhood of the shell is uniformly heated. The perforations in the shell serve to establish a lateral draft, which assists in localizing the radiant heat and increases the heating effect by convection.

In order to increase the localization and lateral radiation of the heat, the shell 0 is preferably provided with a centrally disposed baffle or deflector, which, in its preferred form, consists of a series of longitudinally disposed radiating wings j, which are supported upon the central rod 'L, secured by a nut Zin the center of a cap h located over the top of the shell. This deflector may have any desired or convenient form of construction, but a simple mode of constructing the same is illustrated in Figs. 2 and 4, in which the wings j are formed of strips of metal bent in V-form and connected at their meeting edges by suitable rings is, by means of which they are supported in circular relation about the pendent rod i.

In lieu of the wing-like deflector y, I may employ a plain cylinder 7', having a closed bottom, which is supported upon the rod "i, said cylinder, like the wings serving to absorb the heat from the products of combustion and deflect the same against the in wardly projecting fins or flanges of the shell 0.

The modified form of heater, shown in Fig. 6, differs from those heretofore described only in the character of the perforations in the shell or casing c, and in the construction of the baffle or deflector within the shell. In this form, the shell is provided with a multiplicity of rectangular perforations, extending practically over its entire surface between the upper and lower imperforate flanges or rims e and d, which perforations are formed by slitting the blank with a series of cross cuts, and forcing the metal, lying adj acent to the cross cuts, outward to form a series of normally projecting fins or flanges g, which surround the rectangular perforations The blank, as thus formed, is rolled into a cylinder, as before, and the baffle, which consists of the pendent rod it supported by the cap h, upon which rod is secured a series of horizontal plates 1, is disposed centrally within the cylindrical shell. The products of combustion from the burner impinge upon the inwardly projecting fins or flanges on the shell, which absorb the heat therefrom and 'radiate the same laterally of the burner.

This effect is accentuated by the baffle or deflector, which diverts the central portion of the products of combustion against the inside of the shell 0, so that practically all of the heat is ultimately received by said shell, and dispersed into the air surrounding the same, either by radiation or direct convection.

.In Figs. 9 and 1.0, there is illustrated a still further modified form of blank from which the shell is formed, which differs, however, only in the shape of the perforations and fins and the mode of forming the same. In this form, the perforations are made by semicircular punches, and the inwardly projecting fins have, of course, a correspond ing shape.

While the invention has been described with great particularity as to detail, it is to be understood that it is not to be limited thereby to any particular shape, form, or contour, either of the heater generally consid ered, the shell or casing, or the baffles, as the heater may be given any desired form or configuration, and the shell itself may be changed as to general contour and ornamented at pleasure, so long as it reserves the fundamental characteristics of the invention, which reside in providing the shell with a series of perforations disposed over its surface, and a series of inwardly projecting fins or flanges, which lie in the path of the products of combustion, so that the general effect of the heater will be to disseminate the heat, generated by the complete combusti on of gas or other hydrocarbon, laterally of its surface, and prevent wasteful upward dispersion of the heat. It has been found, by actual experience, that a single heater of this character, at a relatively low consumption of gas, will effectively heat an ordinary sized living room, and it has also been demonstrated that, by using a simple'form of deflector located behind the burner, a very large proportion of the heat generated may be directed to any desired portion of the room.

Having thus described my invention, what i I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination with a gas fixture comprising a Bunsen burner, of a chimneylike heater consisting, of an elongated metallic shell or cylinder supported by the fixture so as to surround the flame from the burner, the walls of the cylinder being perforated as described and. provided with fins or flanges adjacent to the perforations, and the heater being provided with a baflle or flame deflector located centrally within and supported by the shell to cause the flame to burn in the outer part of the same adjacent the flanged and perforated walls.

2. The combination with a gas fixture comprising a Bunsen burner, of a chimneylike heater consisting of an elongated metallic cylinder or shell supported by the fixture so as to surround the flame from the burner, the shell having a series of longitudinal perforations, and inwardly projecting fins or flanges adjacent to said perforations, and a baffle or deflector having a series of radiating a bafiie or deflector having a series of longi Wings located Within the shell. tudinally disposed radiating Wings located 3. The combination With a gas fixture Within the shell. comprising a Bunsen burner, of a chimney- I In testimony whereof I affix my signature, 5 like heater consisting of an elongated metalin presence of tWo Witnesses. I 5

lie cylinder or shell supported by the fixture so as to surround the flame from the burner, TRUMAN GARRETT PALMER the shell having a series of longitudinal per- Witnesses: forations, and inwardly projecting fins or HUGH M. STERLING, To flanges adjacent to said perforations, and J. E. HUTOHINSON, Jr 

